{"ikmk_id":"301","primary_source_id":"0","title":"R\u00f6mische Republik: Aes Grave","inventory_number":"R4","activated":"yes","item":{"ikmk_item_id":"1","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/sachbegriff\/1","item_de":"M\u00fcnze","item_en":"Coin","item_nomisma":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/coin"},"permalink":"https:\/\/numid.uni-rostock.de\/permalink\/0\/ID301","publisher":{"ikmk_publisher_id":68,"ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/68","publisher_name":"Universit\u00e4t Rostock, Heinrich Schliemann-Instituts f\u00fcr Altertumswissenschaften","publisher_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-136629","publisher_isil_short":"DE-MUS-136629","UID":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-136629\/ID301","legalBodyWeblink":"https:\/\/www.altertum.uni-rostock.de\/"},"owner":{"ikmk_owner_id":"68","owner_name":"Rostock, Heinrich-Schliemann-Institut f\u00fcr Altertumswissenschaften der Universit\u00e4t","owner_isil":"http:\/\/ld.zdb-services.de\/resource\/organisations\/DE-MUS-136629","owner_isil_short":"DE-MUS-136629","owner_www_address":"https:\/\/www.altertum.uni-rostock.de\/","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/besitzer\/68","owner_type":{"de":"Eigentum","en":"Property","ikmk_type_id":"2","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/possession_kind\/2"}},"ikmk_status_id":"7","status":{"de":"vorhanden","en":"present","ikmk_status_id":"7","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/object_status\/7"},"nominal":{"ikmk_nominal_id":"666","nominal":"As","nominal_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/as","nominal_gnd_id":"","info_de":"Der As; Asses (Mehrzahl). Eigentlich \u201eEiner\u201c bzw. \u201eEinheit\u201c. Bezeichnet im Gewichtssystem des Geldes der r\u00f6mischen Republik das in zw\u00f6lf Unzen (unciae) unterteilte Pfund (libra), mit wechselnden sinkenden Standards (vom obengenannten libralen zum semilibralen, sextanalen und schlie\u00dflich unzialen). Zun\u00e4chst gegossen als Teil des Aes grave, seit dem Ende des 3. Jhs. v. Chr. gepr\u00e4gt. Auch die entsprechende Einheit unteritalischen Schwergeldes wurde als As bezeichnet. Mit der Einf\u00fchrung des Denares (s. dort) kamen erst zehn, dann 16 Asses auf einen solchen. Augustus lie\u00df den As ebenfalls als Kupferm\u00fcnze weiterpr\u00e4gen, lediglich Nero gab ihn kurzfristig in Messing aus. Im Verlauf des 3. Jhs. n. Chr. werden Asses immer seltener gepr\u00e4gt und erscheinen zuletzt unter Aurelianus (reg. 270-275 n. Chr.).","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/nominal\/666"},"date_last":"2022-04-04 06:35:29","coin_status":[{"ikmk_coin_status_id":"54","coin_status_name_de":"Stadt","coin_status_name_en":"City","coin_status_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/city","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/muenzstand\/54"}],"mint":[{"ikmk_country_id":"25","country_ndp_url":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/land\/25","country_name_de":"Italien","country_name_en":"Italy","country_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/italian_republic","country_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/3175395","ikmk_region_id":"266","region_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/region\/266","region_name":"Latium","region_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/latium","region_geoname_id":"","ikmk_mint_id":"678","mint_ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/ort\/678","mint_name":"Rom","mint_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/rome","mint_geoname_id":"http:\/\/www.geonames.org\/3169070"}],"material":{"ikmk_material_id":"2","material_name_de":"Bronze","material_name_en":"Bronze","material_nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/ae","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/material\/2"},"diameter":"63 mm","die_axis":"12 h","weight":"292.50 g","accession":"","access_year":"","provenienz_extern":"","acquisition_date":null,"avers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"","image_description":"Kopf des Apollo nach r.","foto_date":"2021-01-21","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"3","photographer_name":"Julia Tetzke","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/numid.uni-rostock.de\/image\/ID301\/vs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/numid.uni-rostock.de\/image\/ID301\/vs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/numid.uni-rostock.de\/image\/ID301\/vs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/numid.uni-rostock.de\/image\/ID301\/vs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1614187468,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Rostock, Heinrich-Schliemann-Institut f\u00fcr Altertumswissenschaften der Universit\u00e4t, ID301. Aufnahme durch Julia Tetzke.","en":"Image files are licensed Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Rostock, Heinrich-Schliemann-Institut f\u00fcr Altertumswissenschaften der Universit\u00e4t, ID301. Photographs by Julia Tetzke."}},"revers":{"leg_trans":"","leg_text":"","image_description":"Kopf des Apollo nach l.","foto_date":"2021-01-21","photographer":{"ikmk_photographer_id":"3","photographer_name":"Julia Tetzke","photographer_gnd":"","photographer_viaf":""},"path_thumbnail":"https:\/\/numid.uni-rostock.de\/image\/ID301\/rs_opt.jpg","path_opt":"https:\/\/numid.uni-rostock.de\/image\/ID301\/rs_opt.jpg","path":"https:\/\/numid.uni-rostock.de\/image\/ID301\/rs_org.jpg","path_org":"https:\/\/numid.uni-rostock.de\/image\/ID301\/rs_org.jpg","image_timestamp":1614187496,"copyright":{"short":"PDM 1.0","url":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/","de":"Bilddateien sind Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Rostock, Heinrich-Schliemann-Institut f\u00fcr Altertumswissenschaften der Universit\u00e4t, ID301. Aufnahme durch Julia Tetzke.","en":"Image files are licensed Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>. Rostock, Heinrich-Schliemann-Institut f\u00fcr Altertumswissenschaften der Universit\u00e4t, ID301. Photographs by Julia Tetzke."}},"division":{"ikmk_division_id":"1","division_name_de":"Antike","division_name_en":"Antiquity"},"sub_division":{"ikmk_subdivision_id":"2","subdivision_name_de":"R\u00f6mische Republik","subdivision_name_en":"Roman Republic"},"literatur":"RRC Nr. 18,1 (Rom, 275\u2013270 v. Chr.); Burmeister Nr. 5 (dieses St\u00fcck).","comment":"Abgegriffen.","period":{"ikmk_period_id":"3","period_name":"Hellenismus","period_description":"","period_concept_id":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4024313-8","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/periode\/3"},"year_start":"-275","year_end":"-270","date_verbal":"ca. 275\u2013270 v. Chr.","year_islam":"0","references":[{"ikmk_referenz_id":20,"souce":"RRC","number":"018,1","similar":"0"}],"type_references":{"375":"http:\/\/numismatics.org\/crro\/id\/rrc-18.1"},"manufacturing":[{"ikmk_manufacturing_id":"22","manufacturing_name_de":"gegossen","manufacturing_name_en":"cast","nomisma_id":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/cast","ndp_uri":"https:\/\/ikmk.smb.museum\/ndp\/herstellungtyp\/22"}],"keywords":[{"ikmk_keyword_id":"1","keyword":"Antike","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4068754-5","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300055818"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"71","keyword":"Bronze \/ Kupfer","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4146667-6","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/www.nomisma.org\/id\/ae"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"45","keyword":"G\u00f6tter","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4021469-2","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300343850"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"5","keyword":"Hellenismus, 4.-1. Jh. v. Chr.","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4024313-8","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/aat\/300020101"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"22","keyword":"Italien","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4027833-5","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/vocab.getty.edu\/tgn\/1000080"},{"ikmk_keyword_id":"38","keyword":"St\u00e4dte","keyword_gnd_uri":"http:\/\/d-nb.info\/gnd\/4056723-0","keyword_concept_uri":"http:\/\/nomisma.org\/id\/city"}],"timeline_themes":[{"ikmk_timeline_id":"48","timeline_item":"\u201eSchweres Geld\u201c: Aes Signatum und Aes Grave","description":"In der antiken Geldwirtschaft hatte sich bereits im 6. Jh. v. Chr. Silber als das haupts\u00e4chlich f\u00fcr die M\u00fcnzpr\u00e4gung verwendete Edelmetall durchgesetzt. Eine fr\u00fche Ausnahme bildet die am Schwarzen Meer gelegene Stadt Olbia, die im ausgehenden 6. Jh. v. Chr. eine eigene, auf dem Pfund Bronze beruhende W\u00e4hrung entwickelte. Bekannter noch ist das Schwere Geld (Aes Grave) aus Bronze, das am Anfang der r\u00f6mischen M\u00fcnzpr\u00e4gung seit dem Beginn des 3. Jh. v. Chr. steht. Es gab schwere, rechteckige Bronzebarren (Aes Signatum) mit einem Gewicht von ca. 1,5 kg. Gleichzeitig wurden Serien von runden, gegossenen M\u00fcnzen in bis zu 10 Wertstufen vom Tressis (3 Asse) bis zur Quartuncia (1\/4 Unze) ausgegeben. Parallel zu Rom begannen auch andere St\u00e4dte in Italien mit einer gegossenen Bronzem\u00fcnzw\u00e4hrung. Das Schwergeld konnte sich gegen\u00fcber dem handlicheren Silbergeld aber nirgendwo auf Dauer behaupten.","year_from":"-280","year_until":"-212","autor":"Weisser, Bernhard"}],"text_right":{"short":"CC BY-SA 4.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/l\/by-sa\/4.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International","en":"Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International"},"string":{"de":"Texte und Beschreibungen in diesem Online-Katalog stehen unter einer CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a> Lizenz.","en":"Texts and descriptions of this catalogue are licensed CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a>."}},"lod_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"},"string":{"de":"Verwendete LOD-Identifikatoren sind PDM 1.0<\/a>.","en":"LOD ids used are licensed Public Domain Mark 1.0<\/a>."}},"image_restriction_id":0,"image_restriction":"free","image_right":{"short":"PDM 1.0","icon":"https:\/\/licensebuttons.net\/p\/zero\/1.0\/80x15.png","url":{"de":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.de","en":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/mark\/1.0\/deed.en"},"label":{"de":"Public Domain Mark 1.0","en":"Public Domain Mark 1.0"}}}